Iyindi Shusho ya Jenoside yo mu 1994

Inyandiko yanjye iherutse “Rwanda’s Ethnic Card – Ikarita y’ Ubwoko mu Rwanda” yazamuye ibibazo bikomeye byanyohererejwe kuri email cg ku rubuga rwanjye. Muri iyi nyandiko, ndifuza gusangira n’ abasomyi ibitekerezo mfite k’ uburyo ishyaka FPR Inkotanyi riri k’ ubutegetsi rikoresha jenoside yo muri 1994 mu nyungu zaryo za politiki.
Mu ipfundo rya gahunda za FPR nyuma ya jenoside zigamije kubaka igihugu haganje intego y’ ubumwe n’ ubwiyunge. Mu mpapuro, gahunda igizwe n’ uburyo bwo guteza imbere ubumwe bw’ amoko y’ abahutu n’ abatutsi kugirango habeho uRwanda rumwe rw’ abanyarwanda bose. Ariko mu by’ ukuri, iyi gahunda yihishemo imigambi Leta ifite yo gucecekesha abaturage ikoresheje imvugo y’ ubumwe bw’ amoko mu gihe ahubwo bashaka gukomeza ubutegetsi bw’ ishyaka riri k’ ubutegetsi ariryo FPR.

Gahunda ya Leta irebana n’ ubumwe n’ ubwiyunge ifite imizi mu isobanurwa ry’ amateka y’ imyaka irenga ijana. Raporo z’ amateka dukesha Komisiyo y’ uRwanda y’ Ubumwe n’ Ubwiyunge zitubwira ko umuryango nyarwanda wari usanzwe ufite ubwo bumwe mbere y’ uko ba gashakabuhake na Kiliziya Gatolika baza mu Rwanda. Iyo komisiyo ivuga ko inkomoko y’ ubwicanyi bwo muri 1994 ari amacakubiri ashingiye k’ ubwoko abo bagashakabuhake bashyize mu banyarwanda. Bemeza ko bashingiye ku mabwiriza arebana n’ ubumwe n’ ubwiyunge, ubutegetsi bw’ abahutu bwa nyuma y’ ubukoloni: Kayibanda (1962-1973) na Habyarimana (1973-1994) bwakoresheje amoko mu gutatanya abanyarwanda.

Leta ya FPR yashyizeho uburyo bwinshi kugirango abaturage basobanukirwe n’ akamaro k’ ubumwe hagati y’ amoko. Leta ya nyuma ya jenoside yashyizeho ibigo byitwa ingando bigamije kumvisha abaturage impamvu za nyazo zateye jenoside. Leta kandi ikangulira abanyarwanda guhora bibuka jenoside, akaba ariyo mpamvu yashyizeho ibigo by’ urwibutso kimwe n’ ahashyinguwe abazize itsembabwoko kugirango abanyarwanda bumve ingaruka z’ amacakubiri ashingiye k’ ubwoko. Muri ayo mazu y’ urwibutso ari hirya no hino mu gihugu herekanwa ibisigazwa by’ abazize jenoside, ari ku nkuta cg mu mva zifunguye, cg mu byumba by’ ahabereye ubwicanyi. Buri mwaka haba gahunda zo kwibuka bimara icyumweru guhera taliki ya 7-14 Mata mu kwibutsa abanyarwanda ingaruka z’ amacakubiri ashingiye ku moko.

Leta iyobowe na FPR yashyizeho iminsi mikuru – Umunsi w’ Intwari (1 Gashyantare), Umunsi wo kwizera (7 Mata), Umunsi w’ Ubwigenge (1 Nyakanga), Umunsi wo kwibohoza (4 Nyakanga), n’ Umunsi wo gukunda igihugu (1 Ukwakira) – muri gahunda yo gucengeza ubumwe hagati y’ amoko kimwe no guha abayobozi urubuga rwo kwibutsa abanyarwanda ko bagomba kurwanya ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside. Itegekonshinga ryasubiwemo muri 2003 ryaciye imvugo yose yerekeranye n’ amoko (ingingo ya 33) kimwe no guhana umuntu wese uvangura amoko cg upfobya jenoside (ingingo ya 13). FPR kandi yahinduye muri 2006 amazina y’ uturere mu nzengo zose z’ ubutegetsi, kuva ku mirenge kugeza mu ntara, muri gahunda yo gukingira abacitse ku icumu no kubibagiza aho ababo baguye.

Ibi byose bijyana na gahunda y’ ubwiyunge bw’ amoko no kwibuka bigamije gukomeza ubutegetsi bwa FPR yakwirakwije abayoboke bayo hirya no hino mu butegetsi. Biragoye rwose kugirango umunyarwanda usanzwe akore ubuzima bwe bwa buri munsi, yemwe ntibinaboroheye kugirango bagere ku bwiyunge nyabwo na bagenzi babo. Umupfakazi w’ umututsikazi yagize ati, “sinshobora gushyigikira ibyo bita ubumwe mu gihe nzi ko ikigamijwe ari ugutanya abahutu n’ abatutsi. Iyiba leta yari ituretse, twakwishakiye uburyo bwacu bwo kwiyunga. Ubu tugomba kubikora mu ruhame, kandi tukabikora igihe babidusabye. FPR ntabwo ishishikajwe n’ uko twiyunga bya nyabyo, bahangayikishijwe n’ imyanya yabo gusa…”.
Mu yandi magambo, umuntu wese, baba abanyapolitiki batavuga rumwe n’ ubutegetsi, abanyamakuru, abaharanira uburenganzira bw’ ikiremwamuntu, uzatinyuka kurwanya cg gukemanga uburyo FPR isobanura aya amateka, bimuviramo ingorane zikomeye.